Mapping & GIS

Acharya, K. P., Paudel, P. K., Neupane, P. R., & Köhl, M. 2016. Human-wildlife conflicts in Nepal: Patterns of human fatalities and injuries caused by large mammals. PLoS One, 11(9), e0161717. External resource

​

Ahearn, S. C., Smith, J. L. D., Joshi, A. R., & Ding, J. 2001. TIGMOD: An individual-based spatially explicit model for simulating tiger/human interaction in multiple use forests. Ecological Modelling, 140:81–97. External resource

​

Anand, S., S. Vaidyanathan, and S. Radhakrishna. 2021. The role of landscape structure in primate crop feeding: insights from rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) in northern India. International Journal of Primatology.  External resource 

​

Ardiantiono, S. M. Henkanaththegedara, B. Sideleau, Sheherazade, Y. Anwar, I. A. Haidir, and A. A. T. Amarasinghe. 2023. Integrating social and ecological information to identify high-risk areas of human-crocodile conflict in the Indonesian Archipelago. Biological Conservation 280:109965.   External resource 

​​​​

Balbuena-Serrano, Á., M. M. Zarco-González, O. Monroy-Vilchis, R. G. Morato, and R. C. De Paula. 2021. Hotspots of livestock depredation by pumas and jaguars in Brazil: a biome-scale analysis. Animal Conservation 24:181-193.  External resource 

​

Bautista, C., J. Oeser, T. Kuemmerle, and N. Selva. 2022. Resource pulses and human–wildlife conflicts: linking satellite indicators and ground data on forest productivity to predict brown bear damages. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation.  Download ​​

​​​

Bautista, C., E. Revilla, T. Berezowska-Cnota, N. Fernández, J. Naves, and N. Selva. 2021. Spatial ecology of conflicts: unravelling patterns of wildlife damage at multiple scales. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288:20211394.  External resource 

​

Boudreau, M. R., M. G. Gantchoff, C. Ramirez-Reyes, L. Conlee, J. L. Belant, and R. B. Iglay. 2021. Using habitat suitability and landscape connectivity in the spatial prioritization of public outreach and management during carnivore recolonization. Journal of Applied Ecology.  External resource 

​​

Campbell, H. A., R. G. Dwyer, H. Wilson, T. R. Irwin, and C. E. Franklin. 2015. Predicting the probability of large carnivore occurrence: a strategy to promote crocodile and human coexistence. Animal Conservation 18:387-395.  External resource 

​

Chatterjee, M., N. Chatterjee, P. Chandel, T. Bhattacharya, and R. Kaul. 2022. Predicting negative human-tiger (Panthera tigris) interactions in mosaic landscapes around Dudhwa and Pilibhit tiger reserves in India. Frontiers in Conservation Science 3.  Download 

​​​

Chaudhuri, S., M. Bandyopadhyay, R. Rajaraman, S. Kalyanasundaram, S. Sambandam, and R. Krishnamurthy. 2022. Spatio-temporal patterns and source-dispersion modeling towards sloth bear–human conflict management in central India. Frontiers in Conservation Science 3.  Download 

​

Corriveau, A., M. Klaassen, S. T. Garnett, M. Kaestli, K. Christian, T. L. Crewe, D. A. Loewensteiner, and H. A. Campbell. 2022. Seasonal space use and habitat selection in magpie geese: implications for reducing human-wildlife conflicts. The Journal of Wildlife Management n/a:e22289.  Download 

​​​​

Das, C. S., and R. Jana. 2018. Human–crocodile conflict in the Indian Sundarban: an analysis of spatio-temporal incidences in relation to people's livelihood. Oryx 52:661-668.  External resource 

​

Davoli, M., A. Ghoddousi, F. M. Sabatini, E. Fabbri, R. Caniglia, and T. Kuemmerle. 2022. Changing patterns of conflict between humans, carnivores and crop-raiding prey as large carnivores recolonize human-dominated landscapes. Biological Conservation 269:109553.   Download 

​​​​

de Souza, J.C., da Cunha, V.P. & Markwith, S.H. 2015. Spatiotemporal variation in human-wildlife conflicts along highway BR-262 in the Brazilian Pantanal. Wetlands Ecol Manage 23:227–239. External resources

​

Dellinger, J. A., D. K. Macon, J. L. Rudd, D. L. Clifford, and S. G. Torres. 2021. Temporal trends and drivers of mountain lion depredation in California, USA. Human–Wildlife Interactions 15:21.  Download 

​​

Di Minin, E., R. Slotow, C. Fink, H. Bauer, and C. Packer. 2021. A pan-African spatial assessment of human conflicts with lions and elephants. Nature Communications 12:2978.  Download 

​

Drouilly, M., Tafani, M., Nattrass, N., & O'Riain, M. J. 2018. Spatial, temporal and attitudinal dimensions of conflict between predators and small-livestock farmers in the Central Karoo. African Journal of Range & Forage Science, 35(3–4), 245–255. External resource

​​

Dunham, K. M., A. Ghiurghi, R. Cumbi, and F. Urbano. 2010. Human-wildlife conflict in Mozambique: a national perspective, with emphasis on wildlife attacks on humans. Oryx 44:185-193.  External resource 

​

Eva, A. N., A. Suzuki, and S. Numata. 2022. Spatiotemporal patterns of human–carnivore encounters in a seasonally changing landscape a case study of the fishing cat in Hakaluki Haor, Bangladesh. Conservation 2:402-413.  Download 

​​​​

Fedyń, I., K. Bojarska, N. Gerber, and H. Okarma. 2022. Blood trail of expansion? Long-term patterns of livestock depredation by wolves in Poland. Ecological Research.  External resource 

​

Fernando, C., M. A. Weston, R. Corea, K. Pahirana, and A. R. Rendall. 2022. Asian elephant movements between natural and human-dominated landscapes mirror patterns of crop damage in Sri Lanka. Oryx:1-8.   Download 

​

Fidino, M., E. W. Lehrer, C. A. M. Kay, N. T. Yarmey, M. H. Murray, K. Fake, H. C. Adams, and S. B. Magle. 2022. Integrated species distribution models reveal spatiotemporal patterns of human–wildlife conflict. Ecological Applications n/a:e2647.   External resource 

​

Gehrt, S. D., E. M. Muntz, E. C. Wilson, J. W. B. Power, and S. D. Newsome. Severe environmental conditions create severe conflicts: a novel ecological pathway to extreme coyote attacks on humans. Journal of Applied Ecology.   Download 

 

​​Gubbi, S. 2012. Patterns and correlates of human–elephant conflict around a south Indian reserve. Biological Conservation, 148(1):88–95. External resource 

​​

González-Desales, G. A., L. Sigler, J. García-Grajales, P. Charruau, M. M. Zarco-González, Á. Balbuena-Serrano, and O. Monroy-Vilchis. 2021. Factors influencing the occurrence of negative interactions between people and crocodilians in Mexico. Oryx:1-9.  Download 

​​

García-Grajales, J., and A. Buenrostro-Silva. 2019. Assessment of human–crocodile conflict in Mexico: patterns, trends and hotspots areas. Marine and Freshwater Research 70:708-720.  External resource 

​

Hagani, J. S., S. M. Kross, M. Clark, R. Wynn-Grant, and M. Blair. 2021. Mapping and modeling human-black bear interactions in the Catskills region of New York using resource selection probability functions. Plos One 16:e0257716.  Download 

​

Hahn, N. R., J. Wall, K. Denninger-Snyder, W. Sairowua, M. Goss, S. Ndambuki, E. Eblate, N. Mbise, S. Kiambi, and G. Wittemyer. 2023. Staging behaviours identify spatial and temporal risk of human-wildlife conflict. Journal of Applied Ecology.   Download 

​

Ji, Y., Wei, X.,  Liu, F.,  Li, J., Li, D., Huang, X., Jiang, J. and Tang, J. 2022. Assessing the spatial-temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) around the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve, China. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 10.   Download 

​​​

Kachel, S., K. Anderson, and Q. Shokirov. 2022. Predicting carnivore habitat use and livestock depredation risk with false-positive multi-state occupancy models. Biological Conservation 271:109588.   External resource 

​​

Karanth, K.K., Gopalaswamy, A.M., DeFries, R., & Ballal, N. 2012. Assessing patterns of human-wildlife conflicts and compensation around a central Indian protected area. PLoS One, 7(12):e50433. Extrnal resource

​

Khosravi, R., H. Y. Wan, M.-R. Sadeghi, and S. A. Cushman. 2022. Identifying human–brown bear conflict hotspots for prioritizing critical habitat and corridor conservation in southwestern Iran. Animal Conservation.  External resource 

​

Kiffner, C., S. Uthes, E.-F. Ostermann-Miyashita, V. Harms, and H. J. König. 2022. Patterns of livestock loss associated with a recolonizing wolf population in Germany. Frontiers in Conservation Science 3.   Download 

​

Klees van Bommel, J., C. Sun, A. T. Ford, M. Todd, and A. C. Burton. 2022. Coexistence or conflict: black bear habitat use along an urban-wildland gradient. Plos One 17:e0276448.   Download 

​​

Kolowski, J.M., & Holekamp, K.E. 2006. Spatial, temporal, and physical characteristics of livestock depredations by large carnivores along a Kenyan reserve border. Biological Conservation, 128(4):529–541. External resource

​​

Koziarski, A., Kissui, B., & Kiffner, C. 2016. Patterns and correlates of perceived conflict between humans and large carnivores in northern Tanzania. Biological Conservation, 199:41–50. External resource

​​

Kuiper, T., A. J. Loveridge, and D. W. Macdonald. 2021. Robust mapping of human–wildlife conflict: controlling for livestock distribution in carnivore depredation models. Animal Conservation.  External resource 

​

Lecuyer, L., S. Calmé, B. Schmook, and R. M. White. 2022. Conservation conflict hotspots: mapping impacts, risk perception and tolerance for sustainable conservation management. Frontiers in Conservation Science 3.  Download 

​

Linkie, M., Dinata, Y., Nofrianto, A., & Leader-Williams, N. 2007. Patterns and perceptions of wildlife crop raiding in and around Kerinci Seblat National Park Sumatra. Animal Conservation, 10(1), 127–135. External resource

​

Liu, M., Y. Wang, F. Xia, H. Bu, Y. Liu, X. Shen, and S. Li. 2022. Free-ranging livestock altered the spatiotemporal behavior of the endangered North Chinese leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis) and its prey and intensified human–leopard conflicts. Integrative Zoology.  External resource 

​​

Long, H., Mojo, D., Fu, C., Wang, G., Kanga, E., Oduor, A. M. O., & Zhang, L. 2020. Patterns of human-wildlife conflict and management implications in Kenya: A national perspective. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 25(2), 121–135. External resource

​

Mahajan, P., R. Chaudhary, A. Kazi, and D. Khandal. 2022. Spatial determinants of livestock depredation and human attitude toward wolves in Kailadevi Wildlife Sanctuary, Rajasthan, India. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 10.   Download 

​​​

Malviya, M., and R. Krishnamurthy. 2022. Multiscale spatially explicit modelling of livestock depredation by reintroduced tiger (Panthera tigris) to predict conflict risk probability. Global Ecology and Conservation:e02313.  Download 

​​​

Manfredo, M. J., R. E. Berl, T. L. Teel, and J. T. Bruskotter. 2021. Bringing social values to wildlife conservation decisions. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.  Download 

​

Mayer, M., K. Olsen, B. Schulz, J. Matzen, C. Nowak, P. F. Thomsen, M. M. Hansen, C. Vedel-Smith, and P. Sunde. 2022. Occurrence and livestock depredation patterns by wolves in highly cultivated landscapes. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 10.  Download 

​​

Michalski, F., Boulhosa, R.L.P., Faria, A. & Peres, C.A. 2006. Human–wildlife conflicts in a fragmented Amazonian forest landscape: Determinants of large felid depredation on livestock. Animal Conservation, 9(2), 179–188. External resource

​​

Mohammadi, A., K. Almasieh, H. Y. Wan, D. Nayeri, A. Alambeigi, J. I. Ransom, and S. A. Cushman. 2021. Integrating spatial analysis and questionnaire survey to better understand human-onager conflict in Southern Iran. Scientific Reports 11:12423.  Download 

​

Mukeka, J. M., Ogutu, J. O., Kanga, E., & Roskaft, E. 2018. Characteristics of human-wildlife conflicts in Kenya: Examples of Tsavo and Maasai Mara regions. Environment and Natural Resources Research, 8(3), p148. External resource

​

Mukeka, J. M., Ogutu, J. O., Kanga, E., & Røskaft, E. 2019. Human-wildlife conflicts and their correlates in Narok County, Kenya. Global Ecology and Conservation, 18, e00620. External resource

​

Osborn, F. V. 2004. Seasonal variation of feeding patterns and food selection by crop-raiding elephants in Zimbabwe. African Journal of Ecology, 42(4), 322–327. External resource 

​​​

Pagoda, L. R. 2017. Crocodile human encounter patterns in Sri Lanka. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 32:S117-S117.  External resource  

​

Pintor, A. F. V., N. Ray, J. Longbottom, C. A. Bravo-Vega, M. Yousefi, K. A. Murray, D. S. Ediriweera, and P. J. Diggle. 2021. Addressing the global snakebite crisis with geo-spatial analyses – recent advances and future direction. Toxicon: X 11:100076.  Download 

 

Pizzigalli, C., Regalla, A., Palmeirim, A.F., Palma, L., Lopes-Lima, M., Razgour, O., Godinho, R., Intipe, W.A. and Brito, J.C. 2025. Diversity, distribution and conservation of crocodiles (Order: Crocodylia) in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. Scientific Reports 15:24703. External resources

​​

Pooley, S., H. Botha, X. Combrink, and G. Powell. 2019. Synthesizing Nile crocodile Crocodylus niloticus attack data and historical context to inform mitigation efforts in South Africa and eSwatini (Swaziland). Oryx (early view).  External resource 

​

Poudel, S., J. P. Twining, R. C. Stedman, S. K. Ghimire, and A. K. Fuller. 2023. Ecological and anthropogenic drivers of leopard (Panthera pardus fusca) attack occurrence on humans in Nepal. People and Nature.   Download ​

​​​​

Powell, G., T. M. M. Versluys, J. J. Williams, S. Tiedt, and S. Pooley. 2020. Using environmental niche modelling to investigate abiotic predictors of crocodilian attacks on people. Oryx:1-9.  External resource 

​

Pozo, R. A., LeFlore, E. G., Duthie, A. B., Bunnefeld, N., Jones, I. L., Minderman, J., Rakotonarivo, O. S., & Cusack, J. J. 2021. A multispecies assessment of wildlife impacts on local community livelihoods. Conservation Biology, 35(1), 297–306. External resource

​

Raymond, S., and C. C. St. Clair. 2022. Urban coyotes select cryptic den sites near human development where conflict rates increase. The Journal of Wildlife Management n/a:e22323.  External resource 

​​

Rojas-VeraPinto, R., C. Bautista, and N. Selva. 2022. Living high and at risk: predicting Andean bear occurrence and conflicts with humans in southeastern Peru. Global Ecology and Conservation:e02112.   Download 

​​

Sage, A. H., V. Hillis, R. A. Graves, M. Burnham, and N. H. Carter. 2022. Paths of coexistence: spatially predicting acceptance of grizzly bears along key movement corridors. Biological Conservation 266:109468.  Download 

​​

Sharma, P., Chettri, N., Uddin, K., Wangchuk, K., Joshi, R., Tandin, T., Pandey, A., Gaira, K.S., Basnet, K., Wangdi, S.,  Dorji, T., Wangchuk, N., Chitale, V.S., Uprety, Y. and Sharma, E. 2020. Mapping human‒wildlife conflict hotspots in a transboundary landscape, Eastern Himalaya. Global Ecology and Conservation, 24:e01284. External resource

​

Shivakumar, S., D. Carricondo-Sánchez, V. Athreya, M. Odden, S. P. Dhiman, S. Vaidyanathan, and K. K. Karanth. 2023. Examining leopard attacks: spatio-temporal clustering of human injuries and deaths in Western Himalayas, India. Frontiers in Conservation Science 4.   Download 

​​

Singer, L., X. Wietlisbach, R. Hickisch, E. M. Schoell, C. Leuenberger, A. Van den Broek, M. Désalme, K. Driesen, M. Lyly, F. Marucco, M. Kutal, N. Pagon, C. R. Papp, P. Milioni, R. Uzdras, I. Zihmanis, F. Zimmermann, K. Marsden, K. Hackländer, J. V. López-Bao, S. Klenzendorf, and D. Wegmann. 2023. The spatial distribution and temporal trends of livestock damages caused by wolves in Europe. Biological Conservation 282:110039.   Download 

​​​

Sitati, N.W., Walpole, M.J., Smith, R.J., & Leader-Williams, N. 2003. Predicting spatial aspects of human-elephant conflict. Journal of Applied Ecology, 40(4), 667–677. External resource

​

Stanger, M. E., K. M. Slagle, and J. T. Bruskotter. 2022. Impact of location on predator control preference patterns. Frontiers in Conservation Science 3.   Download 

​

Tallian, A., J. Mattisson, G. Samelius, J. Odden, C. Mishra, J. D. C. Linnell, P. Lkhagvajav, and Ö. Johansson. 2023. Wild versus domestic prey: variation in the kill-site behavior of two large felids. Global Ecology and Conservation 47:e02650.  Download 

​​

Tavolaro, F. M., Z. Woodgate, C. Brown, S. M. Redpath, and M. J. O'Riain. 2022. Multispecies study of patterns and drivers of wildlife impacts on human livelihoods in communal conservancies. Conservation Science and Practice n/a:e12773.  Download 

​​​

Treves, A., Martin, K.A., Wydeven, A.P. & Wiedenhoeft, J.E. 2011. Forecasting environmental hazards and the application of risk maps to predator attacks on livestock. Bioscience, 61(6), 451–458. External resource 

Treves, A., Naughton-Treves, L., Harper, E.K., Mladenoff, D.J., Rose, R. A., Sickley, T.A. & Wydeven, A.P. 2004. Predicting human-carnivore conflict: A spatial model derived from 25 years of data on wolf predation on livestock. Conservation Biology, 18(1), 114–125. External resource 

​​

Tripathy, B. R., X. Liu, M. Songer, L. Kumar, S. Kaliraj, N. D. Chatterjee, W. M. S. Wickramasinghe, and K. K. Mahanta. 2021. Descriptive spatial analysis of human-elephant conflict (HEC) distribution and mapping HEC hotspots in Keonjhar Forest Division, India. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 9.  External resource 

​

van Eeden, L. M., C. Bogezi, D. Leng, J. M. Marzluff, A. J. Wirsing, and S. Rabotyagov. 2021. Public willingness to pay for gray wolf conservation that could support a rancher-led wolf-livestock coexistence program. Biological Conservation 260:109226.  External resource 

​

Vargas, S. P., M. Hargreaves, J. P. Del Valle, A. Hodges, E. Beltrami, M. F. Toledo, and G. Sapaj-Aguilera. 2022. Coexistence in times of climate crisis: a participatory mapping to understanding conservation conflicts in the Central Andes of Chile. Frontiers in Conservation Science 3.   Download 

​

Vasudev, D., R. J. Fletcher, N. Srinivas, A. J. Marx, and V. R. Goswami. 2023. Mapping the connectivity–conflict interface to inform conservation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120:e2211482119.   Download 

​​​

Vélez, J., McShea, W., Budhan Pukazhenthi, B., Stevenson, P. & Fieberg, J. 2023. Implications of the scale of detection for inferring co-occurrence patterns from paired camera traps and acoustic recorders. Conservation Biology 38:e14218. External resources

​

Warrier, R., B. R. Noon, and L. L. Bailey. 2021. A framework for estimating human-wildlife conflict probabilities conditional on species occupancy. Frontiers in Conservation Science 2.  Download 

​

Wilkinson, C. E., T. Caspi, L. A. Stanton, D. Campbell, and C. J. Schell. 2023. Coexistence across space and time: social-ecological patterns within a decade of human-coyote interactions in San Francisco. People and Nature.   Download 

​​​

Wilkinson, C. E., J. S. Brashares, A. C. Bett, and M. Kelly. 2021. Examining drivers of divergence in recorded and perceived human-carnivore conflict hotspots by integrating participatory and ecological data. Frontiers in Conservation Science 2.  Download 

​

Wilson, S., Davies, T., Hazarika, N., & Zimmermann, A. 2013. Understanding spatial and temporal patterns of human–elephant conflict in Assam, India. Oryx, 49, 140–149. External resource 

​

​Xiao, L., F. Hua, J. M. H. Knops, X. Zhao, C. Mishra, S. Lovari, J. S. Alexander, B. Weckworth, and Z. Lu. 2022. Spatial separation of prey from livestock facilitates coexistence of a specialized large carnivore with human land use. Animal Conservation.   External resource 

​

Yurco, K., King, B., Young, K.R., & Crews, K.A. 2017. Human–wildlife interactions and environmental dynamics in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Society & Natural Resources, 30(9), 1112–1126. External resource  

​

Zuber, S.N., Abidin, K.Z., Mohamed, M.S., Pikri, F.I. & Trans, D.M. 2024. Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Malayan-Tapir Conflict (Tapirus indicus) In Peninsular Malaysia from 2013 to 2019. Journal of Wildlife and Parks, 39:57-73. External resources