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Gender

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Guidance Documents

Key Papers

Alexander, J. S., R. Murali, T. N. Mijiddorj, B. Agvaantseren, C. Lhamo, D. Sharma, K. R. Suryawanshi, L. Zhi, K. Sharma, and J. C. Young. 2023. Applying a gender lens to biodiversity conservation in High Asia. Frontiers in Conservation Science 4.   Download 

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Alexander, J. S., A. Bijoor, K. Gurmet, R. Murali, C. Mishra, and K. R. Suryawanshi. 2022. Engaging women brings conservation benefits to snow leopard landscapes. Environmental Conservation:1-7.  External resource 

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Almuna, R. et al. 2022. We are silently paving the way toward human–wildlife coexistence: the role of women in human–wildlife coexistence and future directions. Frontiers in Conservation Science, 24(3). External resources 

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​Banerjee, S., and S. Sharma. 2021. En-gendering human-wildlife interactions in Northeast India: towards decolonized conservation. Journal of Political Ecology 28.  Download 

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Doubleday, K. F., and E. C. Rubino. 2021. Tigers bringing risk and security: gendered perceptions of tiger reintroduction in Rajasthan, India. Ambio.  External resource 

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Evodius, W. R. 2023. Rural women vulnerability to human–wildlife conflicts: lessons from villages near Mikumi National Park, southeast Tanzania. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, 15(3):92–105. External resources

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Gore, M. L. and Kahler, J. S. 2012. Gendered risk perceptions associated with human–wildlife conflict: implications for participatory conservation. PLOS ONE, 7(3): e32901. External resources

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Gore, M. L., Knuth, B. A., Curtis, P. D. and Shanahan, J. E. 2008. Evaluating a conservation investment designed to reduce human–wildlife conflict’, Conservation Letters, 1(3). External resources

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Halder S, Ruiz-Casares M, Yamaguchi S, Dhali HH, Mukherjee R, Calderon-Moya M, Mandal A, Rankin S, Guzder J, Ghosh R. Nature, Causes, and Impact of Human–Wildlife Interactions on Women and Children Across Cultures. World. 2025; 6(2):55. External resources

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James R, Gibbs B, Whitford L, Leisher C, Konia R, Butt N. Conservation and natural resource management: where are all the women? Oryx. 2021;55(6):860-867. External resources

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Khumalo, K.E. et. al. 2015. Women, human–wildlife conflict, and CBNRM: hidden impacts from Kwandu Conservancy, Namibia. Conservation & Society, 13(3):232-243. External resources

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Lau, J. D., et al. 2020. Three lessons for gender equity in biodiversity conservation. Conservation Biology, 34(6):1589-1591. External resources

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Nightingale, A. 2006. The Nature of Gender: Work, Gender, and Environment. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 24(2), 165-185. External resources

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Ogra, M. V. 2008. Human–wildlife conflict and gender in protected-area borderlands: a case study of costs, perceptions and vulnerabilities from Uttarakhand (Uttaranchal), India. Geoforum, 39(3), pp. 1408–1422. External resources

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Omedo, M. A. and Majale, C. 2022. Gender dynamics and human–wildlife conflicts in Maasai Mara Game Reserve, Kenya. East African Journal of Environmental and Natural Resources Research, 5(1). External resources

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Soliku, O. 2021. Gendered impacts of conservation on rural communities in northern Ghana: implications for collaborative natural resources management. Society & Natural Resources 34:1-17.  External resource 

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Stevens, M., Rawat, S., & Satterfield, T. 2025. Care, conflict, and coexistence: Human–wildlife relations in community forests. People and Nature, 7, 231–246. External resources

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Photo credits: The images used throughout this website have been provided by Z. Morris-Trainor, A. Zimmermann, J. Stevens, J. Linnell, R. Amit, A. Ladle, B. Daniels, SCANDLYNX, WCS-India/SGNP, Assam Haathi Project and Chester Zoo.

© 2024 IUCN SSC Human-Wildlife Conflict & Coexistence Specialist Group

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