Leopard
Guidance Documents
The predator safe livestock guide: an introduction to protecting livestock and deterring predators (2017). (Cheetah Conservation Botswana) 
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Human-leopard conflict management guidelines (2007). (Athreya, V.R. and Belsare, A.V.)
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Key Papers
Abade, L., J. Cusack, R. J. Moll, P. Strampelli, A. J. Dickman, D. W. Macdonald, and R. A. Montgomery. 2018. Spatial variation in leopard (Panthera pardus)
site use across a gradient of anthropogenic pressure in Tanzania's Ruaha landscape. Plos One 13:e0204370. Download
Athreya, V., M. Odden, J. D. C. Linnell, and K. U. Karanth. 2011. Translocation as a tool for mitigating conflict with leopards in human-dominated landscapes of India. Conservation Biology 25:133-141. External resource
Athreya, V., M. Odden, J. D. C. Linnell, J. Krishnaswamy, and K. U. Karanth. 2016. A cat among the dogs: leopard Panthera pardus diet in a human-dominated landscape in western Maharashtra, India. Oryx 50:156-162. External resource
Athreya, V., M. Odden, J. D. C. Linnell, J. Krishnaswamy, and U. Karanth. 2013. Big cats in our backyards: persistence of large carnivores in a human dominated
landscape in India. Plos One 8:e57872. Download
Athreya, V., S. Pimpale, A. S. Borkar, N. Surve, S. Chakravarty, M. Ghosalkar, A. Patwardhan, and J. Linnell, D.C. 2018. Monsters or Gods? Narratives of
large cat worship in western India. Cat News 67:23-26. External resource
Athreya, V., A. Srivathsa, M. Puri, K. K. Karanth, N. S. Kumar, and K. U. Karanth. 2015. Spotted in the news: using media reports to examine leopard distribution,
depredation, and management practices outside protected areas in southern India. Plos One 10:e0142647. Download
Athreya, V. R., S. S. Thakur, C. Sujoy, and A. V. Belsare. 2007. Leopards in human-dominated areas: a spillover from sustained translocations into nearby
forests? Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 104:45-50. External resource
Babrgir, S., M. S. Farhadinia, and E. M. Moqanaki. 2017. Socio-economic consequences of cattle predation by the Endangered Persian leopard Panthera pardus saxicolor in a Caucasian conflict hotspot, northern Iran. Oryx 51:124-130. External resource
Balme, G. A., R. Slotow, and L. T. B. Hunter. 2009. Impact of conservation interventions on the dynamics and persistence of a persecuted leopard (Panthera pardus) population. Biological Conservation 142:2681-2690. External resource
Bhatia, S., V. Athreya, R. Grenyer, and D. W. Macdonald. 2013. Understanding the role of representations of human–leopard conflict in Mumbai through media‐content analysis. Conservation Biology 27:588-594. External resource
Bhattacharjee, A., and N. Parthasarathy. 2013. Coexisting with large carnivores: a case study from western Duars, India. Human Dimensions of Wildlife 18:20-31. External resource
Chase Grey, J. N., S. Bell, and R. A. Hill. 2017. Leopard diets and landowner perceptions of human wildlife conflict in the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa. Journal for Nature Conservation 37:56-65. External resource
Constant, N. L., S. Bell, and R. A. Hill. 2015. The impacts, characterisation and management of human–leopard conflict in a multi-use land system in South
Africa. Biodiversity and Conservation 24:2967-2989. Download
Dar, N. I., R. A. Minhas, Q. Zaman, and M. Linkie. 2009. Predicting the patterns, perceptions and causes of human-carnivore conflict in and around Machiara National Park, Pakistan. Biological Conservation 142:2076-2082. External resource
Dhanwatey, H. S., J. C. Crawford, L. A. S. Abade, P. H. Dhanwatey, C. K. Nielsen, and C. Sillero-Zubiri. 2013. Large carnivore attacks on humans in central India: a case study from the Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve. Oryx 47:221-227. External resource
Dickman, A. J., L. Hazzah, C. Carbone, and S. M. Durant. 2014. Carnivores, culture and 'contagious conflict': multiple factors influence perceived problems with carnivores in Tanzania's Ruaha landscape. Biological Conservation 178:19-27. External resource
Fonturbel, F. E., and J. A. Simonetti. 2011. Translocations and human-carnivore conflicts: problem solving or problem creating? Wildlife Biology 17:217-224. Download
Gebresenbet, F., B. Baraki, G. Yirga, C. Sillero-Zubiri, and H. Bauer. 2018. A culture of tolerance: coexisting with large carnivores in the Kafa Highlands,
Ethiopia. Oryx 52:751-760. External resource
Ghosal, S., V. R. Athreya, J. D. C. Linnell, and P. O. Vedeld. 2013. An ontological crisis? A review of large felid conservation in India. Biodiversity and Conservation 22:2665-2681. External resource
Ghosal, S., and D. J. Kjosavik. 2015. Living with leopards: negotiating morality and modernity in western India. Society & Natural Resources 28:1092-1107. External resource
Hathaway, R. S., A.-E. M. Bryant, M. M. Draheim, P. Vinod, S. Limaye, and V. Athreya. 2017. From fear to understanding: changes in media representations
of leopard incidences after media awareness workshops in Mumbai, India. Journal of Urban Ecology 3
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Holland, K. K., L. R. Larson, and R. B. Powell. 2018. Characterizing conflict between humans and big cats Panthera spp: a systematic review of
research trends and management opportunities. Plos One 13:e0203877. Download
Holmern, T., J. Nyahongo, and E. Roskaft. 2007. Livestock loss caused by predators outside the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. Biological Conservation 135:518-526. External resource
Inskip, C., and A. Zimmermann. 2009. Human-felid conflict: a review of patterns and priorities worldwide. Oryx 43:18-34. External resource
Jhamvar-Shingote, R., and M. A. Schuett. 2013. The predators of Junnar: local peoples' knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes toward leopards and leopard conservation. Human Dimensions of Wildlife 18:32-44. External resource
Khorozyan, I., A. Ghoddousi, M. Soofi, and M. Waltert. 2015. Big cats kill more livestock when wild prey reaches a minimum threshold. Biological Conservation 192:268-275. External resource
Khorozyan, I., M. Soofi, A. K. Hamidi, A. Ghoddousi, and M. Waltert. 2015. Dissatisfaction with veterinary services is associated with leopard (Panthera pardus)
predation on domestic animals. Plos One 10:e0129221. Download
Khorozyan, I., M. Soofi, M. Soufi, A. K. Hamidi, A. Ghoddousi, and M. Waltert. 2017. Effects of shepherds and dogs on livestock depredation by leopards
(Panthera pardus) in north-eastern Iran. Peerj 5:e3049. Download
Kissui, B. M. 2008. Livestock predation by lions, leopards, spotted hyenas, and their vulnerability to retaliatory killing in the Maasai steppe, Tanzania. Animal Conservation 11:422-432. External resource
Kolowski, J. M., and K. E. Holekamp. 2006. Spatial, temporal, and physical characteristics of livestock depredations by large carnivores along a Kenyan reserve border. Biological Conservation 128:529-541. External resource
Koziarski, A., B. Kissui, and C. Kiffner. 2016. Patterns and correlates of perceived conflict between humans and large carnivores in northern Tanzania. Biological Conservation 199:41-50. External resource
Kshettry, A., S. Vaidyanathan, and V. Athreya. 2017. Leopard in a tea-cup: a study of leopard habitat-use and human-leopard interactions in north-eastern
India. Plos One 12:e0177013. Download
Kshettry, A., S. Vaidyanathan, and V. Athreya. 2018. Diet selection of leopards (Panthera pardus) in a human-use landscape in North-Eastern India.
Tropical Conservation Science 11:1-9. Download
Lindsey, P. A., Havemann, C. P., Lines, R., Palazy, L., Price, A. E., Retief, T. A., Rhebergen, T. and Van der Waal, C. 2013. Determinants of persistence
and tolerance of carnivores on Namibian ranches: implications for conservation on Southern African private lands. Plos One 8:14. Download
Loveridge, A. J., T. Kuiper, R. H. Parry, L. Sibanda, J. H. Hunt, B. Stapelkamp, L. Sebele, and D. W. Macdonald. 2017. Bells, bomas and beefsteak: complex
patterns of human-predator conflict at the wildlife-agropastoral interface in Zimbabwe. Peerj 5:e2898. Download
Miller, J. R. B., Y. V. Jhala, and J. Jena. 2016. Livestock losses and hotspots of attack from tigers and leopards in Kanha Tiger Reserve, Central India. Regional Environmental Change 16:17-29. External resource
Minnie, L., A. F. Boshoff, and G. I. H. Kerley. 2015. Vegetation type influences livestock predation by leopards: implications for conservation in agro-ecosystems. African Journal of Wildlife Research 45:204-214. External resource
Naha, D., S. Sathyakumar, and G. S. Rawat. 2018. Understanding drivers of human-leopard conflicts in the Indian Himalayan region: spatio-temporal patterns
of conflicts and perception of local communities towards conserving large carnivores. Plos One 13:e0204528. Download
O’Bryan, C. J., A. R. Braczkowski, H. L. Beyer, N. H. Carter, J. E. M. Watson, and E. McDonald-Madden. 2018. The contribution of predators and scavengers
to human well-being. Nature Ecology & Evolution 2:229-236. External resource
Odden, M., Athreya, V., Rattan, S. and Linnell, J. D. C. 2014. Adaptable neighbours: movement patterns of GPS-collared leopards in human dominated landscapes
in India. Plos One 9:e112044. Download
Ogada, M. O., R. Woodroffe, N. O. Oguge, and L. G. Frank. 2003. Limiting depredation by African carnivores: the role of livestock husbandry. Conservation Biology 17:1521-1530. External resource
Romanach, S. S., P. A. Lindsey, and R. Woodroffe. 2007. Determinants of attitudes towards predators in central Kenya and suggestions for increasing tolerance in livestock dominated landscapes. Oryx 41:185-195. External resource
Rostro-Garcia, S., L. Tharchen, L. Abade, C. Astaras, S. A. Cushman, and D. W. Macdonald. 2016. Scale dependence of felid predation risk: identifying predictors of livestock kills by tiger and leopard in Bhutan. Landscape Ecology 31:1277-1298. External resource
Sangay, T., and K. Vernes. 2008. Human-wildlife conflict in the Kingdom of Bhutan: patterns of livestock predation by large mammalian carnivores. Biological Conservation 141:1272-1282. External resource
Schiess-Meier, M., S. Ramsauer, T. Gabanapelo, and B. Konig. 2007. Livestock predation - insights from problem animal control registers in Botswana. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:1267-1274. External resource
Shehzad, W., M. A. Nawaz, F. Pompanon, E. Coissac, T. Riaz, S. A. Shah, and P. Taberlet. 2015. Forest without prey: livestock sustain a leopard Panthera pardus population in Pakistan. Oryx 49:248-253. External resource
Weilenmann, M., M. Gusset, D. R. Mills, T. Gabanapelo, and M. Schiess-Meier. 2010. Is translocation of stock-raiding leopards into a protected area with resident conspecifics an effective management tool? Wildlife Research 37:702-707. External resource
Books and Book Chapters
Landy, F. 2017. Urban leopards are good cartographers: human-nonhuman and spatial conflicts at Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Mumbai. Pages 67-85 in A. Rademacher and K. Sivaramakrishnan, editors. Places of nature in ecologies of urbanism. Hong Kong University Press. External resource