Bears

Acharya, K. P., P. K. Paudel, P. R. Neupane, and M. Kohl. 2016. Human-wildlife conflicts in Nepal: patterns of human fatalities and injuries caused by large mammals. Plos One 11:18.  Download

 

Ahmad, S., S. Hameed, H. Ali, T. U. Khan, T. Mehmood, and M. A. Nawaz. 2016. Carnivores' diversity and conflicts with humans in Musk Deer National Park, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. European Journal of Wildlife Research 62:565-576.  External resource

 

Alexander, J., P. J. Chen, P. Damerell, W. Youkui, J. Hughes, K. Shi, and P. Riordan. 2015. Human wildlife conflict involving large carnivores in Qilianshan, China and the minimal paw-print of snow leopards. Biological Conservation 187:1-9.  External resource

 

Alldredge, M. W., D. P. Walsh, L. L. Sweanor, R. B. Davies, and A. Trujillo. 2015. Evaluation of translocation of black bears involved in human-bear conflicts in South-Central Colorado. Wildlife Society Bulletin 39:334-340.  External resource

 

Ambarli, H., and C. C. Bilgin. 2008. Human-brown bear conflicts in Artvin, northeastern Turkey: encounters, damage, and attitudes. Ursus 19:146-153.  External resource

 

Artelle, K. A., S. C. Anderson, J. D. Reynolds, A. B. Cooper, P. C. Paquet, and C. T. Darimont. 2016. Ecology of conflict: marine food supply affects human-wildlife interactions on land. Scientific Reports 6:9.  Download

 

Aryal, A., D. Brunton, W. H. Ji, R. K. Barraclough, and D. Raubenheimer. 2014. Human-carnivore conflict: ecological and economical sustainability of predation on livestock by snow leopard and other carnivores in the Himalaya. Sustainability Science 9:321-329.  External resource

 

Bargali, H. S., N. Akhtar, and N. P. S. Chauhan. 2005. Characteristics of sloth bear attacks and human casualties in North Bilaspur forest division, Chhattisgarh, India. Ursus 16:263-267.  External resource

 

Barmoen, M., K. M. Bærum, M. Johansson, and K. E. Mathiesen. 2021. Trust in large carnivore science in Norway. European Journal of Wildlife Research 67:98.  Download

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Baruch-Mordo, S., S. W. Breck, K. R. Wilson, and J. Broderick. 2009. A tool box half full: how social science can help solve human–wildlife conflict. Human Dimensions of Wildlife 14:219-223.  External resource

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Baruch-Mordo, S., S. W. Breck, K. R. Wilson, and J. Broderick. 2011. The carrot or the stick? Evaluation of education and enforcement as management tools for human-wildlife conflicts. Plos One 6:8.  Download

 

Baruch-Mordo, S., S. W. Breck, K. R. Wilson, and D. M. Theobald. 2008. Spatiotemporal distribution of black bear-human conflicts in Colorado, USA. Journal of Wildlife Management 72:1853-1862.  External resource

 

Baruch-Mordo, S., K. R. Wilson, D. L. Lewis, J. Broderick, J. S. Mao, and S. W. Breck. 2014. Stochasticity in natural forage production affects use of urban areas by black bears: implications to management of human-bear conflicts. Plos One 9:10.  Download

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Bauder, J. M., D. Ruid, N. M. Roberts, B. Kohn, and M. L. Allen. 2021. Effects of translocation on survival of nuisance bears. Animal Conservation.  External resource

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Bautista, C., E. Revilla, T. Berezowska-Cnota, N. Fernández, J. Naves, and N. Selva. 2021. Spatial ecology of conflicts: unravelling patterns of wildlife damage at multiple scales. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288:20211394.  External resource

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Beecham, J. J., M. D. Hernando, A. A. Karamanlidis, R. A. Beausoleil, K. Burguess, D. H. Jeong, M. Binks, L. Bereczky, N. V. K. Ashraf, K. Skripova, L. Rhodin, J. Auger, and B. K. Lee. 2015. Management implications for releasing orphaned, captive-reared bears back to the wild. Journal of Wildlife Management 79:1327-1336.  External resource

 

Bennett, J., A. Sjölander-Lindqvist, C. Sandström, and S. Larsson. 2022. Addressing the Swedish large carnivore controversy: identifying roadblocks in collaborative governance to reduce conflict. Frontiers in Conservation Science 3.  Download

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Blackwell, B. F., T. L. DeVault, E. Fernandez-Juricic, E. M. Gese, L. Gilbert-Norton, and S. W. Breck. 2016. No single solution: application of behavioural principles in mitigating human-wildlife conflict. Animal Behaviour 120:245-254.  External resource

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Blossey, B., and D. Hare. 2022. Myths, wishful thinking, and accountability in predator conservation and management in the United States. Frontiers in Conservation Science 3.  Download

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Bombieri, G., V. Penteriani, K. Almasieh, H. Ambarlı, M. R. Ashrafzadeh, C. S. Das, N. Dharaiya, R. Hoogesteijn, A. Hoogesteijn, D. Ikanda, W. Jędrzejewski, M. Kaboli, A. Kirilyuk, A. K. Jangid, R. K. Sharma, H. Kushnir, B. R. Lamichhane, A. Mohammadi, O. Monroy-Vilchis, J. M. Mukeka, I. Nikolaev, O. Ohrens, C. Packer, P. Pedrini, S. Ratnayeke, I. Seryodkin, T. Sharp, H. S. Palei, T. Smith, A. Subedi, F. Tortato, K. Yamazaki, and M. d. M. Delgado. 2023. A worldwide perspective on large carnivore attacks on humans. PLOS Biology 21:e3001946.   Download

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Bombieri, G., V. Penteriani, M. d. M. Delgado, C. Groff, L. Pedrotti, and K. Jerina. 2021. Towards understanding bold behaviour of large carnivores: the case of brown bears in human-modified landscapes. Animal Conservation.  External resource

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Boonman-Berson, S., E. Turnhout, and M. Carolan. 2016. Common sensing: human-black bear cohabitation practices in Colorado. Geoforum 74:192-201.  External resource

 

Boronyak, L., B. Jacobs, A. Wallach, J. McManus, S. Stone, S. Stevenson, B. Smuts, and H. Zaranek. 2021. Pathways towards coexistence with large carnivores in production systems. Agriculture and Human Values.  External resource

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Boudreau, M. R., M. G. Gantchoff, C. Ramirez-Reyes, L. Conlee, J. L. Belant, and R. B. Iglay. 2021. Using habitat suitability and landscape connectivity in the spatial prioritization of public outreach and management during carnivore recolonization. Journal of Applied Ecology.  External resource

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Breck, S. W., N. Lance, and P. Callahan. 2006. A shocking device for protection of concentrated food sources from black bears. Wildlife Society Bulletin 34:23-26.  External resource

 

Can, Ö., and İ. Togan. 2004. Status and management of brown bears in Turkey. Ursus 15:48-53.  External resource

 

Can, Ö. E. 2020. How to design better human-wildlife conflict management plans? Forestist 71:118-126.  External resource

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Can, O. E., N. D'Cruze, D. L. Garshelis, J. Beecham, and D. W. Macdonald. 2014. Resolving human-bear conflict: a global survey of countries, experts, and key factors. Conservation Letters 7:501-513.  Download

 

Carlisle, K. M., H. E. Ellis, L. M. Jaebker, and A. D. Bright. 2022. Producers’ perceptions of large carnivores and nonlethal methods to protect livestock from depredation: findings from a multistate federal initiative. Human Dimensions of Wildlife:1-4.  External resource

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Carter, N. H., P. Nelson, and T. Easter. 2021. A call for a national collaborative predator coexistence programme. People and Nature.  Download

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Chamberlain, E. C., M. B. Rutherford, and M. L. Gibeau. 2012. Human perspectives and conservation of grizzly bears in Banff National Park, Canada. Conservation Biology 26:420-431.  External resource

 

Chapron, G., P. Kaczensky, J. D. C. Linnell, M. von Arx, D. Huber, H. Andren, J. V. Lopez-Bao, M. Adamec, F. Alvares, O. Anders, L. Balciauskas, V. Balys, P. Bedo, F. Bego, J. C. Blanco, U. Breitenmoser, H. Broseth, L. Bufka, R. Bunikyte, P. Ciucci, A. Dutsov, T. Engleder, C. Fuxjager, C. Groff, K. Holmala, B. Hoxha, Y. Iliopoulos, O. Ionescu, J. Jeremic, K. Jerina, G. Kluth, F. Knauer, I. Kojola, I. Kos, M. Krofel, J. Kubala, S. Kunovac, J. Kusak, M. Kutal, O. Liberg, A. Majic, P. Mannil, R. Manz, E. Marboutin, F. Marucco, D. Melovski, K. Mersini, Y. Mertzanis, R. W. Myslajek, S. Nowak, J. Odden, J. Ozolins, G. Palomero, M. Paunovic, J. Persson, H. Potocnik, P. Y. Quenette, G. Rauer, I. Reinhardt, R. Rigg, A. Ryser, V. Salvatori, T. Skrbinsek, A. Stojanov, J. E. Swenson, L. Szemethy, A. Trajce, E. Tsingarska-Sedefcheva, M. Vana, R. Veeroja, P. Wabakken, M. Wofl, S. Wolfl, F. Zimmermann, D. Zlatanova, and L. Boitani. 2014. Recovery of large carnivores in Europe's modern human-dominated landscapes. Science 346:1517-1519.  External resource

 

Charoo, S. A., L. K. Sharma, and S. Sathyakumar. 2011. Asiatic black bear-human interactions around Dachigam National Park, Kashmir, India. Ursus 22:106-113.  External resource

 

Chaudhuri, S., M. Bandyopadhyay, R. Rajaraman, S. Kalyanasundaram, S. Sambandam, and R. Krishnamurthy. 2022. Spatio-temporal patterns and source-dispersion modeling towards sloth bear–human conflict management in central India. Frontiers in Conservation Science 3.  Download

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Chauhan, N. 2003. Human casualties and livestock depredation by black and brown bears in the Indian Himalaya, 1989-98. Ursus:84-87.  External resource​

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Cinque, S., A. Sjölander-Lindqvist, and C. Sandström. 2021. Frontline bureaucrats in wildlife management: caught in the dilemma between effectiveness and responsiveness. Environmental Policy and Governance.  Download

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Clark, D., F. van Beest, and R. Brook. 2012. Polar bear-human conflicts: state of knowledge and research needs. Canadian Wildlife Biology and Management.  External resource

 

Clark, D. A., and S. Slocombe. 2011. Adaptive co-management and grizzly bear-human conflicts in two Northern Canadian aboriginal communities. Human Ecology 39:627-640.  External resource

 

Cleary, M., O. Joshi, and W. S. Fairbanks. 2021. Factors that determine human acceptance of black bears. The Journal of Wildlife Management.  External resource

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Cleary, M., O. Joshi, and W. S. Fairbanks. 2021. Mapping and modeling the components of human tolerance for black bears in eastern Oklahoma. Journal of Environmental Management 288:112378.  External resource

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Coleman, T. H., C. C. Schwartz, K. A. Gunther, and S. Creel. 2013. Influence of overnight recreation on grizzly bear movement and behavior in Yellowstone National Park. Ursus 24:101-110.  External resource

 

Coogan, S. C. P., and D. Raubenheimer. 2016. Might macronutrient requirements influence grizzly bear-human conflict? Insights from nutritional geometry. Ecosphere 7:15.  Download

 

Creachbaum, M. S., C. Johnson, and R. H. Schmidt. 1998. Living on the edge: a process for redesigning campgrounds in grizzly bear habitat. Landscape and Urban Planning 42:269-286.  External resource

 

Cretois, B., J. D. C. Linnell, B. Van Moorter, P. Kaczensky, E. B. Nilsen, J. Parada, and J. K. Rød. 2021. Coexistence of large mammals and humans is possible in Europe's anthropogenic landscapes. iScience 24.  Download

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Delie, J., J. Edwards, and K. Biedenweg. 2022. Using psychometrics to characterize the cognitive antecedents of tolerance for black bears. Human Dimensions of Wildlife:1-18.  External resource

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Dhamorikar, A. H., P. Mehta, H. Bargali, and K. Gore. 2017. Characteristics of human - sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) encounters and the resulting human casualties in the Kanha-Pench corridor, Madhya Pradesh, India. Plos One 12:e0176612.  Download

 

Ditmer, M. A., T. E. Burk, and D. L. Garshelis. 2015. Do innate food preferences and learning affect crop raiding by American black bears? Ursus 26:40-52.  External resource

 

Dorresteijn, I., A. I. Milcu, J. Leventon, J. Hanspach, and J. Fischer. 2016. Social factors mediating human-carnivore coexistence: understanding thematic strands influencing coexistence in Central Romania. Ambio 45:490-500.  External resource

 

Elfstrom, M., M. L. Davey, A. Zedrosser, M. Muller, M. De Barba, O. G. Stoen, C. Miquel, P. Taberlet, K. Hacklander, and J. E. Swenson. 2014. Do Scandinavian brown bears approach settlements to obtain high-quality food? Biological Conservation 178:128-135.  Download

 

Elfström, M., A. Zedrosser, O.-G. Støen, and J. E. Swenson. 2014. Ultimate and proximate mechanisms underlying the occurrence of bears close to human settlements: review and management implications. Mammal Review 44:5-18.  Download

 

Espinosa, S., and S. K. Jacobson. 2012. Human-wildlife conflict and environmental education: evaluating a community program to protect the Andean bear in Ecuador. Journal of Environmental Education 43:55-65.  External resource

 

Evans, M. J., J. E. Hawley, P. W. Rego, and T. A. G. Rittenhouse. 2014. Exurban land use facilitates human-black bear conflicts. Journal of Wildlife Management 78:1477-1485.  External resource

 

Fernandez-Gil, A., J. Naves, A. Ordiz, M. Quevedo, E. Revilla, and M. Delibes. 2016. Conflict misleads large carnivore management and conservation: brown bears and wolves in Spain. Plos One 11:13.  Download

 

Fletcher, R., and S. Toncheva. 2021. The political economy of human-wildlife conflict and coexistence. Biological Conservation 260:109216.  Download

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Fonturbel, F. E., and J. A. Simonetti. 2011. Translocations and human-carnivore conflicts: problem solving or problem creating? Wildlife Biology 17:217-224.  Download

 

Frank, J., Johansson, M. and Flykt, A. 2015. Public attitude towards the implementation of management actions aimed at reducing human fear of brown bears and wolves. Wildlife Biology 21:122-130.  Download

 

Fredrikkson, G. 2005. Human-sun bear conflicts in East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo. Ursus 16:130-137.  External resource

 

Freeman, S., B. Lawhon, P. Newman, and B. Derrick Taff. 2021. Food storage on the Appalachian trail: a theory of planned behavior approach to understanding backpacker bear canister use. Journal of Interpretation Research 26:73-95.  External resource

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Garcia, K. C., H. M. Joshi, and N. Dharaiya. 2016. Assessment of human-sloth bear conflicts in North Gujarat, India. Ursus 27:5-10.  External resource

 

Gervasi, V., J. D. C. Linnell, T. Berce, L. Boitani, R. Cerne, P. Ciucci, B. Cretois, D. Derron-Hilfiker, C. Duchamp, A. Gastineau, O. Grente, D. Huber, Y. Iliopoulos, A. A. Karamanlidis, I. Kojola, F. Marucco, Y. Mertzanis, P. Männil, H. Norberg, N. Pagon, L. Pedrotti, P.-Y. Quenette, S. Reljic, V. Salvatori, T. Talvi, M. von Arx, and O. Gimenez. 2021. Ecological correlates of large carnivore depredation on sheep in Europe. Global Ecology and Conservation 30:e01798.  Download

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Glikman, J. A., B. Frank, D. D'Amico, L. Boitani, and P. Ciucci. 2023. Sharing land with bears: insights toward effective coexistence. Journal for Nature Conservation:126421.   Download

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Glikman, J. A., J. J. Vaske, A. J. Bath, P. Ciucci, and L. Boitani. 2012. Residents' support for wolf and bear conservation: the moderating influence of knowledge. European Journal of Wildlife Research 58:295-302.  External resource

 

Goldstein, I., S. Paisley, R. Wallace, J. P. Jorgenson, F. Cuesta, and A. Castellanos. 2006. Andean bear–livestock conflicts: a review. Ursus 17:8-15.  External resource

 

Gore, M. L., B. A. Knuth, P. D. Curtis, and J. E. Shanahan. 2006. Education programs for reducing American black bear-human conflict: indicators of success? Ursus 17:75-80.  External resource

 

Gore, M. L., B. A. Knuth, P. D. Curtis, and J. E. Shanahan. 2006. Stakeholder perceptions of risk associated with human-black bear conflicts in New York's Adirondack Park campgrounds: implications for theory and practice. Wildlife Society Bulletin 34:36-43.  External resource

 

Gore, M. L., B. A. Knuth, C. W. Scherer, and P. D. Curtis. 2008. Evaluating a conservation investment designed to reduce human-wildlife conflict. Conservation Letters 1:136-145.  Download

 

Greenleaf, S. S., S. M. Matthews, R. G. Wright, J. J. Beecham, and H. M. Leithead. 2009. Food habits of American black bears as a metric for direct management of human-bear conflict in Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California. Ursus 20:94-101.  External resource

 

Grossmann, C. M., L. Patkó, D. Ortseifen, E. Kimmig, E.-M. Cattoen, and U. Schraml. 2020. Human-large carnivores co-existence in Europe – a comparative stakeholder network analysis. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 8.  Download

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Gunther, K. A., M. A. Haroldson, K. Frey, S. L. Cain, J. Copeland, and C. C. Schwartz. 2004. Grizzly bear-human conflicts in the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem, 1992-2000. Ursus 15:10-22.  External resource

 

Hagani, J. S., S. M. Kross, M. Clark, R. Wynn-Grant, and M. Blair. 2021. Mapping and modeling human-black bear interactions in the Catskills region of New York using resource selection probability functions. Plos One 16:e0257716.  Download

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Hardeman, D. W., H. B. Vander Zanden, J. W. McCown, B. K. Scheick, and R. A. McCleery. 2023. Black bear behavior and movements are not definitive measures of anthropogenic food use. Animals 13:950.   Download

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Heneghan, M. D., and W. C. Morse. 2019. Acceptability of management actions and the potential for conflict following human-black bear encounters. Society & Natural Resources:1-18.  External resource

 

Herrero, J., A. García-Serrano, R. Reiné, V. Ferrer, R. Azón, J. V. López-Bao, and G. Palomero. 2021. Challenges for recovery of large carnivores in humanized countries: attitudes and knowledge of sheep farmers towards brown bear in Western Pyrenees, Spain. European Journal of Wildlife Research 67:105.  Download

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Herrero, S., A. Higgins, J. E. Cardoza, L. I. Hajduk, and T. S. Smith. 2011. Fatal attacks by American black bear on people: 1900-2009. Journal of Wildlife Management 75:596-603.  External resource

 

Hobbs, N. T., H. Andren, J. Persson, M. Aronsson, and G. Chapron. 2012. Native predators reduce harvest of reindeer by Sami pastoralists. Ecological Applications 22:1640-1654.  External resource

 

Hopkins, J. B., and S. T. Kalinowski. 2013. The fate of transported American black bears in Yosemite National Park. Ursus 24:120-126.  External resource

 

Howe, E. J., M. E. Obbard, R. Black, and L. L. Wall. 2010. Do public complaints reflect trends in human-bear conflict? Ursus 21:131-142.  External resource

 

Huber, D., J. Kusak, A. Majic-Skrbinsek, D. Majnaric, and M. Sindicic. 2008. A multidimensional approach to managing the European brown bear in Croatia. Ursus 19:22-32.  External resource

 

Hughes, C., B. Frank, N. A. Melnycky, N. T. Yarmey, and J. A. Glikman. 2020. From worship to subjugation: understanding stories about bears to inform conservation efforts. Ursus 2020:1-12, 12.  External resource

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Hughes, C., and S. E. Nielsen. 2018. ‘Bear are only the Lightning Rod’: ongoing acrimony in Alberta’s Grizzly Bear Recovery. Society & Natural Resources:1-19.  External resource

Hughes, C., N. Yarmey, A. Morehouse, and S. Nielsen. 2020. Problem perspectives and grizzly bears: a case study of Alberta’s grizzly bear recovery policy. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 8.  Download
 

Jampel, C. 2016. Cattle-based livelihoods, changes in the taskscape, and human-bear conflict in the Ecuadorian Andes. Geoforum 69:84-93.  External resource

 

Ji, Y., X. Wei, F. Liu, D. Li, J. Li, X. Huang, J. Jiang, and J. Tang. 2022. Assessing the spatial-temporal patterns of conflicts between humans and Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) around the Gaoligongshan Nature Reserve, China. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 10.   Download

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Johansson, M., I. A. Ferreira, O. G. Stoen, J. Frank, and A. Flykt. 2016. Targeting human fear of large carnivores - many ideas but few known effects. Biological Conservation 201:261-269.  External resource

 

Kachel, S., K. Anderson, and Q. Shokirov. 2022. Predicting carnivore habitat use and livestock depredation risk with false-positive multi-state occupancy models. Biological Conservation 271:109588.   External resource

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Karamanlidis, A. A., A. Sanopoulos, L. Georgiadis, and A. Zedrosser. 2011. Structural and economic aspects of human-bear conflicts in Greece. Ursus 22:141-151.  External resource

 

Karlsson, J., and M. Sjostrom. 2008. Direct use values and passive use values: implications for conservation of large carnivores. Biodiversity and Conservation 17:883-891.  External resource

 

Kavcic, I., M. Adamic, P. Kaczensky, M. Krofel, and K. Jerina. 2013. Supplemental feeding with carrion is not reducing brown bear depredations on sheep in Slovenia. Ursus 24:111-119.  External resource

 

Kavcic, I., M. Adamic, P. Kaczensky, M. Krofel, M. Kobal, and K. Jerina. 2015. Fast food bears: brown bear diet in a human-dominated landscape with intensive supplemental feeding. Wildlife Biology 21:1-8.  Download

 

Khosravi, R., H. Y. Wan, M.-R. Sadeghi, and S. A. Cushman. 2022. Identifying human–brown bear conflict hotspots for prioritizing critical habitat and corridor conservation in southwestern Iran. Animal Conservation.  External resource

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Kirby, R., Alldredge, M. W. and Pauli, J. N. 2016. The diet of black bears tracks the human footprint across a rapidly developing landscape. Biological Conservation 200:51-59.  External resource

 

Klees van Bommel, J., C. Sun, A. T. Ford, M. Todd, and A. C. Burton. 2022. Coexistence or conflict: black bear habitat use along an urban-wildland gradient. Plos One 17:e0276448.   Download

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Knarrum, V., O. J. Sorensen, T. Eggen, T. Kvam, O. Opseth, K. Overskaug, and A. Eidsmo. 2006. Brown bear predation on domestic sheep in central Norway. Ursus 17:67-74.  External resource

 

Kubo, T., and Y. Shoji. 2014. Spatial tradeoffs between residents' preferences for brown bear conservation and the mitigation of human-bear conflicts. Biological Conservation 176:126-132.  External resource

 

Kubo, T., and Y. Shoji. 2014. Trade-off between human-wildlife conflict risk and recreation conditions. European Journal of Wildlife Research 60:501-510.  External resource

 

Kubo, T., and Y. Shoji. 2016. Public segmentation based on the risk perception of brown bear attacks and management preferences. European Journal of Wildlife Research 62:203-210.  External resource

 

Kudrenko, S., A. Ordiz, F. Stytsenko, S. L. Barysheva, S. Bartalev, L. Baskin, and J. E. Swenson. 2021. Brown bear-caused human injuries and fatalities in Russia are linked to human encroachment. Animal Conservation.  Download

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Lescureux, N., and J. D. C. Linnell. 2010. Knowledge and perceptions of Macedonian hunters and herders: the influence of species specific ecology of bears, wolves, and lynx. Human Ecology 38:389-399.  External resource

 

Lewis, D. L., S. Baruch-Mordo, K. R. Wilson, S. W. Breck, J. S. Mao, and J. Broderick. 2015. Foraging ecology of black bears in urban environments: guidance for human-bear conflict mitigation. Ecosphere 6:18.  Download

 

Lewis, D. L., S. W. Breck, K. R. Wilson, and C. T. Webb. 2014. Modeling black bear population dynamics in a human-dominated stochastic environment. Ecological Modelling 294:51-58.  External resource

 

Li, C. L., Z. G. Jiang, C. W. Li, S. H. Tang, F. Li, Z. H. Luo, X. G. Ping, Z. Liu, J. Chen, and H. X. Fang. 2015. Livestock depredations and attitudes of local pastoralists toward carnivores in the Qinghai Lake Region, China. Wildlife Biology 21:204-212.  Download

 

Linnell, J. D. C., R. Aanes, J. E. Swenson, J. Odden, and M. E. Smith. 1997. Translocation of carnivores as a method for managing problem animals: a review. Biodiversity and Conservation 6:1245-1257.  External resource

 

Liu, F., McShea, W. J., Garshelis, D. L., Zhu, X. J., Wang, D. J. and Shao, L. K. 2011. Human-wildlife conflicts influence attitudes but not necessarily behaviors: factors driving the poaching of bears in China. Biological Conservation 144:538-547.  External resource

 

Mabille, G., A. Stien, T. Tveraa, A. Mysterud, H. Broseth, and J. D. C. Linnell. 2015. Sheep farming and large carnivores: what are the factors influencing claimed losses? Ecosphere 6:17.  Download

 

Mace, R. D., and J. S. Waller. 1996. Grizzly bear distribution and human conflicts in Jewel Basin hiking area, Swan Mountains, Montana. Wildlife Society Bulletin 24:461-467.  External resource

 

MacHutchon, A. G., and D. W. Wellwood. 2002. Assessing the risk of bear-human interaction at river campsites. Ursus 13:293-297.  External resource

 

Maguire, L. A., and C. Servheen. 1992. Integrating biological and socialogical concerns in endangered species management - augmentation of grizzly bear populations. Conservation Biology 6:426-434.  External resource

 

Marley, J., A. Hyde, J. H. Salkeld, M. C. Prima, L. Parrott, S. E. Senger, and R. C. Tyson. 2017. Does human education reduce conflicts between humans and bears? An agent-based modelling approach. Ecological Modelling 343:15-24.  External resource

 

Mathiesen, K. E., M. Barmoen, K. M. Bærum, and M. Johansson. 2021. Trust in researchers and researchers' statements in large carnivore conservation. People and Nature.  Download

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Mazur, R. L. 2010. Does aversive conditioning reduce human-black bear conflict? Journal of Wildlife Management 74:48-54.  External resource

 

McFadden-Hiller, J. E., D. E. Beyer, and J. L. Belant. 2016. Spatial distribution of black bear incident reports in Michigan. Plos One 11:17.  Download

 

Merkle, J. A., P. R. Krausman, and M. M. Booth. 2011. Behavioral and attitudinal change of residents exposed to human-bear interactions. Ursus 22:74-83.  External resource

 

Merkle, J. A., P. R. Krausman, N. J. Decesare, and J. J. Jonkel. 2011. Predicting spatial distribution of human-black bear interactions in urban areas. Journal of Wildlife Management 75:1121-1127.  External resource

 

Merkle, J. A., H. S. Robinson, P. R. Krausman, and P. Alaback. 2013. Food availability and foraging near human developments by black bears. Journal of Mammalogy 94:378-385.  Download

 

Morehouse, A. T., T. A. Graves, N. Mikle, and M. S. Boyce. 2016. Nature vs. nurture: evidence for social learning of conflict behaviour in grizzly bears. Plos One 11:15.  Download

 

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Nesbitt, H. K., A. L. Metcalf, A. A. Lubeck, E. C. Metcalf, C. Beckman, A. P. Smith, and T. M. Cummins. 2021. Collective factors reinforce individual contributions to human-wildlife coexistence. The Journal of Wildlife Management.  External resource

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Parchizadeh, J., and J. L. Belant. 2021. Brown bear and Persian leopard attacks on humans in Iran. Plos One 16:e0255042.  Download

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Penteriani, V., M. D. Delgado, F. Pinchera, J. Naves, A. Fernandez-Gil, I. Kojola, S. Harkonen, H. Norberg, J. Frank, J. M. Fedriani, V. Sahlen, O. G. Stoen, J. E. Swenson, P. Wabakken, M. Pellegrini, S. Herrero, and J. V. Lopez-Bao. 2016. Human behaviour can trigger large carnivore attacks in developed countries. Scientific Reports 6:8.  Download

 

Peters, W., M. Hebblewhite, M. Cavedon, L. Pedrotti, A. Mustoni, F. Zibordi, C. Groff, M. Zanin, and F. Cagnacci. 2015. Resource selection and connectivity reveal conservation challenges for reintroduced brown bears in the Italian Alps. Biological Conservation 186:123-133.  External resource

 

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Prajapati, U., V. K. Koli, and K. S. G. Sundar. 2021. Vulnerable sloth bears are attracted to human food waste: a novel situation in Mount Abu town, India. Oryx:1-9.  Download

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Sakiyama, T., J. Morimoto, J. Matsubayashi, Y. Furukawa, M. Kondo, H. Tsuruga, T. Mano, and F. Nakamura. 2021. Factors influencing lifespan dependency on agricultural crops by brown bears. Landscape and Ecological Engineering.  External resource

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Takahata, C., S. E. Nielsen, A. Takii, and S. Izumiyama. 2014. Habitat selection of a large carnivore along human-wildlife boundaries in a highly modified landscape. Plos One 9:13.  Download

 

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