Lynx
Guidance Documents
Livestock guarding dogs - cultural heritage icons with a new relevance for mitigating conservation conflicts (2015). (Linnell, J.D.C.
and Lescureux, N.) External resource
Key Papers
Alexander, J., P. J. Chen, P. Damerell, W. Youkui, J. Hughes, K. Shi, and P. Riordan. 2015. Human wildlife conflict involving large carnivores in Qilianshan, China and the minimal paw-print of snow leopards. Biological Conservation 187:1-9. External resource
Andersen, R., J. Karlsen, L. B. Austmo, J. Odden, J. D. C. Linnell, and J.-M. Gaillard. 2007. Selectivity of Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx and recreational
hunters for age, sex and body condition in roe deer Capreolus capreolus. Wildlife Biology 13:467-474. 
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Bath, A., A. Olszanska, and H. Okarma. 2008. From a human dimensions perspective, the unknown large carnivore: public attitudes toward Eurasian lynx in
Poland. Human Dimensions of Wildlife 13:31-46. External resource
Breitenmoser, U., C. Breitenmoser-Würsten, S. Capt, A. Molinari-Jobin, P. Molinari, and F. Zimmermann. 2007. Conservation of the lynx Lynx lynx in the Swiss Jura Mountains. Wildlife Biology 13:340-355. Download
Chapron, G., P. Kaczensky, J. D. C. Linnell, M. von Arx, D. Huber, H. Andren, J. V. Lopez-Bao, M. Adamec, F. Alvares, O. Anders, L. Balciauskas, V. Balys, P. Bedo, F. Bego, J. C. Blanco, U. Breitenmoser, H. Broseth, L. Bufka, R. Bunikyte, P. Ciucci, A. Dutsov, T. Engleder, C. Fuxjager, C. Groff, K. Holmala, B. Hoxha, Y. Iliopoulos, O. Ionescu, J. Jeremic, K. Jerina, G. Kluth, F. Knauer, I. Kojola, I. Kos, M. Krofel, J. Kubala, S. Kunovac, J. Kusak, M. Kutal, O. Liberg, A. Majic, P. Mannil, R. Manz, E. Marboutin, F. Marucco, D. Melovski, K. Mersini, Y. Mertzanis, R. W. Myslajek, S. Nowak, J. Odden, J. Ozolins, G. Palomero, M. Paunovic, J. Persson, H. Potocnik, P. Y. Quenette, G. Rauer, I. Reinhardt, R. Rigg, A. Ryser, V. Salvatori, T. Skrbinsek, A. Stojanov, J. E. Swenson, L. Szemethy, A. Trajce, E. Tsingarska-Sedefcheva, M. Vana, R. Veeroja, P. Wabakken, M. Wofl, S. Wolfl, F. Zimmermann, D. Zlatanova, and L. Boitani. 2014. Recovery of large carnivores in Europe's modern human-dominated landscapes. Science 346:1517-1519. External resource
Chen, P. J., Y. F. Gao, A. T. L. Lee, L. Cering, K. Shi, and S. G. Clark. 2016. Human-carnivore coexistence in Qomolangma (Mt. Everest) Nature Reserve, China: patterns and compensation. Biological Conservation 197:18-26. External resource
Frank, J., and A. Eklund. 2017. Poor construction, not time, takes its toll on subsidised fences designed to deter large carnivores. Plos One 12:e0175211. Download
Garrote, G., G. Lopez, J. M. Gil-Sanchez, E. Rojas, M. Ruiz, J. F. Bueno, S. de Lillo, J. Rodriguez-Siles, J. M. Martin, J. Perez, M. Garcia-Tardio, G. Valenzuela, and M. A. Simon. 2013. Human-felid conflict as a further handicap to the conservation of the critically endangered Iberian lynx. European Journal of Wildlife Research 59:287-290. External resource
Garrote, G., G. Lopez, M. Ruiz, S. De Lillo, J. F. Bueno, and M. A. Simon. 2015. Effectiveness of electric fences as a means to prevent Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus)
predation on lambs. Hystrix-Italian Journal of Mammalogy 26:61-62. Download
Gervasi, V., E. B. Nilsen, J. Odden, Y. Bouyer, and J. D. C. Linnell. 2014. The spatio-temporal distribution of wild and domestic ungulates modulates lynx
kill rates in a multi-use landscape. Journal of Zoology 292:175-183. Download
Herfindal, I., J. D. C. Linnell, P. F. Moa, J. Odden, L. B. Austmo, and R. Andersen. 2005. Does recreational hunting of lynx reduce depredation losses
of domestic sheep? Journal of Wildlife Management 69:1034-1042. External resource
Hobbs, N. T., H. Andren, J. Persson, M. Aronsson, and G. Chapron. 2012. Native predators reduce harvest of reindeer by Sami pastoralists. Ecological Applications 22:1640-1654. External resource
Inskip, C., and A. Zimmermann. 2009. Human-felid conflict: a review of patterns and priorities worldwide. Oryx 43:18-34. External resource
Karlsson, J., and Ö. Johansson. 2009. Predictability of repeated carnivore attacks on livestock favours reactive use of mitigation measures. Journal of
Applied Ecology 47:166-171. External resource
Lescureux, N., and J. D. C. Linnell. 2010. Knowledge and perceptions of Macedonian hunters and herders: the influence of species specific ecology of bears, wolves, and lynx. Human Ecology 38:389-399. External resource
Lescureux, N., J. D. C. Linnell, S. Mustafa, D. Melovski, A. Stojanov, G. Ivanov, V. Avukatov, M. von Arx, and U. Breitenmoser. 2011. Fear of the unknown: local knowledge and perceptions of the Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx in western Macedonia. Oryx 45:600-607. External resource
Linnell, J. D. C. 2013. From conflict to coexistence: insights from multi-disciplinary research into the relationships between people, large carnivores
and institutions. Istituto di Ecologia Applicata, Rome. Download
Liukkonen, T., S. Mykrä, J. Bisi, and S. Kurki. 2009. Conflicts and compromises in Lynx Lynx lynx conservation and management in Finland. Wildlife
Biology 15:165-174. Download
Mabille, G., A. Stien, T. Tveraa, A. Mysterud, H. Broseth, and J. D. C. Linnell. 2015. Sheep farming and large carnivores: what are the factors influencing
claimed losses? Ecosphere 6:17. Download
Mabille, G., A. Stien, T. Tveraa, A. Mysterud, H. Brøseth, and J. D. C. Linnell. 2016. Mortality and lamb body mass growth in free‐ranging domestic sheep – environmental impacts including lethal and non‐lethal impacts of predators. Ecography 39:763-773. External resource
Mattisson, J., G. B. Arntsen, E. B. Nilsen, L. E. Loe, J. D. C. Linnell, J. Odden, J. Persson, and H. Andren. 2014. Lynx predation on semi-domestic reindeer:
do age and sex matter? Journal of Zoology 292:56-63. Download
Mattisson, J., J. Odden, and J. D. C. Linnell. 2014. A catch-22 conflict: access to semi-domestic reindeer modulates Eurasian lynx depredation on domestic
sheep. Biological Conservation 179:116-122. Download
Mattisson, J., J. Odden, E. B. Nilsen, J. D. C. Linnell, J. Persson, and H. Andren. 2011. Factors affecting Eurasian lynx kill rates on semi-domestic reindeer in northern Scandinavia: can ecological research contribute to the development of a fair compensation system? Biological Conservation 144:3009-3017. External resource
Moa, P. F., I. Herfindal, J. D. C. Linnell, K. Overskaug, T. Kvam, and R. Andersen. 2006. Does the spatiotemporal distribution of livestock influence forage
patch selection in Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx? Wildlife Biology 12:63-70. Download
Næss, M. W., B.-J. Bårdsen, E. Pedersen, and T. Tveraa. 2011. Pastoral herding strategies and governmental management objectives: predation compensation
as a risk buffering strategy in the Saami reindeer husbandry. Human Ecology 39:489-508. Download
Namgail, T., J. L. Fox, and Y. V. Bhatnagar. 2007. Carnivore-caused livestock mortality in Trans-Himalaya. Environmental Management 39:490-496. External resource
Nilsen, E. B., J. D. C. Linnell, J. Odden, and R. Andersen. 2009. Climate, season, and social status modulate the functional response of an efficient stalking
predator: the Eurasian lynx. Journal of Animal Ecology 78:741-751. External resource
Odden, J., I. Herfindal, J. D. C. Linnell, and R. Andersen. 2008. Vulnerability of domestic sheep to lynx depredation in relation to roe deer density. Journal of Wildlife Management 72:276-282. External resource
Odden, J., J. D. C. Linnell, and R. Andersen. 2006. Diet of Eurasian lynx, Lynx lynx, in the boreal forest of southeastern Norway: the relative
importance of livestock and hares at low roe deer density. European Journal of Wildlife Research 52:237-244. External resource
Odden, J., J. D. C. Linnell, P. F. Moa, I. Herfindal, T. Kvam, and R. Andersen. 2002. Lynx depredation on domestic sheep in Norway. Journal of Wildlife Management 66:98-105. External resource
Odden, J., E. B. Nilsen, and J. D. C. Linnell. 2013. Density of wild prey modulates lynx kill rates on free-ranging domestic sheep. Plos One 8:e79261 Download
Pedersen, V. A., J. D. C. Linnell, R. Andersen, H. Andren, M. Linden, and P. Segerstrom. 1999. Winter lynx Lynx lynx predation on semi-domestic
reindeer Rangifer tarandus in northern Sweden. Wildlife Biology 5:203-211. Download
Rigg, R., S. Findo, M. Wechselberger, M. L. Gorman, C. Sillero-Zubiri, and D. W. Macdonald. 2011. Mitigating carnivore-livestock conflict in Europe: lessons from Slovakia. Oryx 45:272-280. External resource
Roskaft, E., T. Bjerke, B. Kaltenborn, J. D. C. Linnell, and R. Andersen. 2003. Patterns of self-reported fear towards large carnivores among the Norwegian public. Evolution and Human Behavior 24:184-198. External resource
Stahl, P., J. M. Vandel, V. Herrenschmidt, and P. Migot. 2001. The effect of removing lynx in reducing attacks on sheep in the French Jura Mountains. Biological Conservation 101:15-22. External resource
Stahl, P., J. M. Vandel, V. Herrenschmidt, and P. Migot. 2001. Predation on livestock by an expanding reintroduced lynx population: long‐term trend
and spatial variability. Journal of Applied Ecology 38:674-687. External resource
Stahl, P., J. M. Vandel, S. Ruette, L. Coat, Y. Coat, and L. Balestra. 2002. Factors affecting lynx predation on sheep in the French Jura. Journal of Applied Ecology 39:204-216. External resource
Treves, A. 2009. Hunting for large carnivore conservation. Journal of Applied Ecology 46:1350-1356. External resource
Tveraa, T., A. Stien, H. Broseth, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2014. The role of predation and food limitation on claims for compensation, reindeer demography and
population dynamics. Journal of Applied Ecology 51:1264-1272. Download
Wilson, C. J. 2004. Could we live with reintroduced large carnivores in the UK? Mammal Review 34:211-232. External resource
Books and Book Chapters
Breitenmoser, U., A. Ryser, A. Molinari-Jobin, F. Zimmermann, H. Haller, P. Molinari, and C. Breitenmoser-Würsten. 2010. The changing impact of predation as a source of conflict between hunters and reintroduced lynx in Switzerland. Pages 493-506 in D. W. Macdonald and A. J. Loveridge, editors. Biology and conservation of wild felids. Oxford University Press, London. External resource
Links
Carnivore damage prevention news Issue 10-Present Earlier issues